{"id":2198,"date":"2011-08-09T14:27:28","date_gmt":"2011-08-09T21:27:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scotthyoung.com\/blog\/?p=2198"},"modified":"2018-04-03T08:46:10","modified_gmt":"2018-04-03T15:46:10","slug":"learning-smart-hard-ideas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scotthyoung.com\/blog\/2011\/08\/09\/learning-smart-hard-ideas\/","title":{"rendered":"Developing an Appetite for Hard Ideas"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Richard Feynman, professor and Nobel-prize winning physicist purportedly <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Richard_Feynman#Education\">only had an IQ of 125<\/a>. Smart, but hardly in the rarefied spectrum we normally consider for genius.<\/p>\n<p>This trivia is usually brought up to show the ridiculousness of IQ testing. If an obvious genius doesn&#8217;t qualify for Mensa, how valid can it be for normal people?<\/p>\n<p>After reading <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Surely-Feynman-Adventures-Curious-Character\/dp\/0393316041?ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1312925021&amp;sr=8-1?_encoding=UTF8&amp;tag=scottcom-20&amp;linkCode=ur2&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=9325\">Feynman\u2019s memoirs<\/a><\/strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"border: none !important; margin: 0px !important;\" src=\"http:\/\/www.assoc-amazon.com\/e\/ir?t=scottcom-20&amp;l=ur2&amp;o=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" border=\"0\" \/>, a different idea struck me. While his intelligence is obvious, what impressed me most was his persistence in learning hard ideas. He would reread physics papers meticulously for hours, and all of their sources, until he understood an idea from the bottom up.<\/p>\n<p>Perhaps genius isn\u2019t best defined by raw intellectual ability. Instead, maybe it\u2019s the appetite for hard ideas that makes someone smart.<\/p>\n<h2>Intelligence as Endurance<\/h2>\n<p>The two explanations aren\u2019t mutually exclusive. Feynman\u2019s intelligence was probably underestimated by the IQ test, even if he also had a greater thirst for hard problems.<\/p>\n<p>Despite this, intelligence-as-endurance has empirical support. Stanford psychologist, Carol Dweck, studied the effect of <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Mindset-Psychology-Success-Carol-Dweck\/dp\/0345472322?ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1312924561&amp;sr=8-1?_encoding=UTF8&amp;tag=scottcom-20&amp;linkCode=ur2&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=9325\">mindset on intelligence<\/a><\/strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"border: none !important; margin: 0px !important;\" src=\"http:\/\/www.assoc-amazon.com\/e\/ir?t=scottcom-20&amp;l=ur2&amp;o=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" border=\"0\" \/>. Students who believed smarts were malleable wanted to take on harder challenges, and became smarter than students with more talent but less motivation.<\/p>\n<p>Dweck contrasts the two groups of students as fixed-mindset and growth-mindset. Believing your abilities were rigid killed students\u2019 appetite for hard ideas, while a growth mindset fostered it.<\/p>\n<p>In my own experience working with students, I\u2019ve seen how appetite for hard ideas translates to success. When faced with a concept that they don\u2019t understand, most students simply accept the correct definition and memorize the solution. Top learners don\u2019t do this\u2014they struggle obsessively to figure it out.<\/p>\n<h2>Hunger for Hard Ideas<\/h2>\n<p>When I was a kid, I liked books by <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Hidden-Reality-Parallel-Universes-Cosmos\/dp\/0307265633?ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1312924638&amp;sr=8-1?_encoding=UTF8&amp;tag=scottcom-20&amp;linkCode=ur2&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=9325\">Brian Greene<\/a><\/strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"border: none !important; margin: 0px !important;\" src=\"http:\/\/www.assoc-amazon.com\/e\/ir?t=scottcom-20&amp;l=ur2&amp;o=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" border=\"0\" \/>. Not out of a deep love of physics, but simply because the ideas were hard to understand at first glance. Following all the concepts required thinking differently about the world.<\/p>\n<p>A hunger for hard ideas is a specific subset of curiosity. It\u2019s seeking explanations for things <em>because<\/em> they are hard to understand. Because, when those ideas are understood, the satisfaction of knowing something difficult to learn is even greater.<\/p>\n<p>People who believe in superstitions lack this hunger. They are curious for explanations, but they prefer na\u00efve explanations that are easily understood. They prefer incorrect explanations, than accepting hard ideas exist.<\/p>\n<h2>Developing Your Appetite<\/h2>\n<p>I agree with Dweck\u2019s research that a key distinction enabling people to love hard challenges or shrink away in fear, is mindset. If you believe certain domains of knowledge are too difficult for you to understand, then you\u2019ll avoid hard ideas.<\/p>\n<p>People with the right attitude believe no idea is too difficult to understand. The only reason you don\u2019t know everything is that you haven\u2019t spent the time to learn it all yet. Effort is the only barrier, not ability in 99% of all cases.<\/p>\n<p>The worst limiting belief in this area is the idea that some are \u201cmath\u201d, \u201carts\u201d or \u201cEnglish\u201d people. Once again, it\u2019s true to the extent you make it true. Some people will be faster than others, but no branch of knowledge is off-limits.<\/p>\n<p>Feynman was a perfect example of this. He may be renown for physics, but less people know he was also an amateur musician, artist, linguist, engineer and lock picker. There isn\u2019t enough time in one life to become perfect at everything, but that\u2019s a constraint of lifespan, not talent.<\/p>\n<h2>Seeking Hard Ideas \u2013 Why Aren\u2019t More People Autodidacts?<\/h2>\n<p>A question that has bothered me is, why aren\u2019t more people self-educated? With the internet\u2019s immense resources, almost anything can be learned online for free, or for a fraction of the cost of tuition.<\/p>\n<p>Some possible answers are that learning is difficult without instruction, the content is boring, there aren\u2019t good systems for proving knowledge obtained outside of an institution. To a certain extent these are all correct.<\/p>\n<p>However, a bigger culprit is that people simply don\u2019t like hard ideas. The reason millions of people pay billions of dollars to attend university, but only a tiny fraction watches brilliant <a href=\"http:\/\/ocw.mit.edu\/index.htm\">MIT<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=kBdfcR-8hEY&amp;feature=BF&amp;list=PL30C13C91CFFEFEA6&amp;index=1\">Harvard<\/a> or <a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/user\/StanfordUniversity\">Stanford<\/a> lectures online is because most people won\u2019t learn for fun. Without the prospect of a diploma, most people would rather watch television.<\/p>\n<p>But even if most people can\u2019t be bothered to learn hard ideas if they aren\u2019t given a carrot or stick to motivate them, some people will. Those people, armed with the near-infinite resources of our age and a hunger to learn for the sake of learning, will outrun the prodigies and gifted who shy away from the challenge.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Richard Feynman, professor and Nobel-prize winning physicist purportedly only had an IQ of 125. Smart, but hardly in the rarefied spectrum we normally consider for genius. This trivia is usually brought up to show the ridiculousness of IQ testing. If an obvious genius doesn&#8217;t qualify for Mensa, how valid can it be for normal people? [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[12,4,682],"tags":[671,414,211,635,29,636],"class_list":{"0":"post-2198","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-discipline","7":"category-goal-setting","8":"category-nc-learning","9":"tag-discipline","10":"tag-frustration-barrier","11":"tag-growth","12":"tag-hard-ideas","13":"tag-learning","14":"tag-mindset","15":"entry"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Developing an Appetite for Hard Ideas - Scott H Young<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.scotthyoung.com\/blog\/2011\/08\/09\/learning-smart-hard-ideas\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Developing an Appetite for Hard Ideas - Scott H Young\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Richard Feynman, professor and Nobel-prize winning physicist purportedly only had an IQ of 125. 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